Grammar Guide - Imperatives

The imperative uses the same form as the infinitive, but without the "to".

We can use imperatives to do any of the below :
Give orders - Do your homework
Give instruction - Turn to page 31 of your course book.
Give strong advice - Make sure that you work harder for the next exam.

We can also use imperatives to form emphatic statement.
Do invite us for your wedding.

Grammar Guide - Conditionals

Conditional sentences are divided into two parts :

• the "if" clause
• the main clause

Examples:

1. I will thumb a lift from him if he goes.
2. If he goes, I will thumb a lift.

There are four types of conditionals :

• The first conditional - talks about possibilities in the future, used when results are habitual or automatic
• The second conditional - talks about unreal situations in the present or the future
• The third conditional - talks about unreal situations in the past, impossible situations
• Zero conditional

The structure of the conditional :

• First conditional -if clause (present simple verb), main clause (future tense - will + base form)
• Second conditional - if clause (past tense verb), main clause (would + base form)
• Third conditional - if clause (past perfect tense), main clause (would have + past participle)

Examples:

• If he arrives late, he will miss the flight.
• If I had a million ringgit, I would travel around the world.
• If he had worked harder, he would have scored straight As in the exam.

Grammar Guide - Adverbs

Adverbs can be used to do one of the below :

1. modify a verb
2. modify an adjective
3. mody another adverb
4. modify a phrase
5. modify a clause

Adverbs are typically formed by adding an -ly to an adjective
Example : quiet (adj) - quietly (adv)

Adverbs answer questions such as :

1. how
2. when
3. how
4. where
5. how much

Grammar Guide - Adjectives

Adjectives are used to describe nouns.
They can describe the following :

1. Size
2. Shape
3. Colour
4. Origin
5. Material
6. Texture
7. Opinion and many others

• Adjectives can be used in two positions in a sentence.
• Attribute - before a noun
• eg : The handsome boy is my classmate
• Predicative - after the verb
• eg : He is intelligent

Used to do Vs Be used to doing

Used to do
"Used to do" is used to describe a habitual action in the past. Typically, the action is already finished in present time.
EG :
He used to play football every evening (he doesn't do so now)
He used to sleep early. (he doesn't do so now)

Be used to doing
"Be used to doing" is habitual action (present)
EG :
He is used to sleeping in class. (he still does it now...and does it frequently)
He is used to skipping 8.30 lectures (he still does it now)

Grammar Guide - Make and Do

Both groups have been hard at work, presenting on the differences between make and do...
As everyone knows, using the words "make" and "do" can be quite confusing, especially when both the Malay and Chinese language only have one corresponding word.

Make
Make is generally used to mean constructing, building, creating, producing.
It is normally followed by a physical product.
Eg :make tea, make chicken rice, make a cup of coffee.
There are also collocative phrases with "make", eg : make a date, , make progress.. in this phrases, the product cannot be seen yet the verb "make" is still used.

Do
Do is normally used to describe an action, a task, or some sort of work.
Eg : do the ironing, do homework